Hypothyroidism: Causes and Symptoms

The thyroid gland releases thyroid hormones that are responsible for the body’s metabolism, cellular growth and development. When the count of thyroid hormones produced by the thyroid gland is abnormally low, the condition is called hypothyroidism. Since the thyroid gland affects the body’s metabolism, the usual symptom of this disease is associated with a slow metabolism.
Hypothyroidism is very common; in fact, millions of people have the condition and don’t know it. There are a lot of causes associated with hypothyroidism; the first and most known cause is the inflammation of the thyroid gland. When the thyroid gland is inflamed and damaged, it becomes incapable of producing the right number of hormones because most of the cells of the thyroid are either dead or damaged. This cause is known to be Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis. In autoimmune thyroiditis, the thyroid gland becomes inflamed because of a person’s own immune system. The thyroid hormones are being rejected by a person’s immune system.
Another cause of hypothyroidism is medical treatments. Some surgeries require removing part of the thyroid gland, leaving the gland damaged. When the cells that produce thyroid hormones are not enough to sustain the needs of the body, a person becomes hypothyroid. People who undergo radioactive iodine treatment to cure goiter and other thyroid conditions fall hypothyroid for a year or two. There are rare cases of hypothyroidism wherein the pituitary gland fails to produce enough Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) that prompts the thyroid gland to produce hormones. When cases like this happen, the thyroid gland will not produce thyroid hormones even if it is perfectly healthy.
The most common hypothyroidism symptoms are the following:
• Falling hair
• Slow metabolism
• Irritability
• Loss of memory
• Unwanted weight gain
• Difficulty in losing weight
• Weakness and fatigue
• Depression
A person with hypothyroidism may experience a number of these symptoms. The symptoms depend on how severe the hypothyroidism condition is and how long has a person been deprived of the right amount of thyroid hormones. One of these symptoms may be the main complaint of an individual and a different symptom may be the main complaint of another hypothyroid patient. This means that the symptoms vary from one person to another. Most patients will experience a combination of these; while many others will not experience any symptom at all. As mentioned, there are a lot of people who are hypothyroid but do not get symptoms because the symptoms are too subtle to be noticed.

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